Plants
植物
Root
Roots are the part of the plant that is in the ground. The roots
of the plant hold the plant in the ground. On each root are tiny root
hairs. These tiny root hairs grow into the soil. They take in water
and minerals. The plant uses water and minerals to make food.
Without water and minerals, the plant cannot grow.
Stems
Now look at a plant’s stems. These stems are like tiny pipes. Water and minerals
can travel through the stem. The stem takes water and minerals to the leaves, where
the plant’s food is made.
Stems are many different sizes. The big tree trunk is a stem. The stem of a
cabbage plant is so short that you may not see it. Vines are a kind of stem. The tiny
tubes in the stem of a celery plant are easy to see.
Leaves
The leaves of green plants have tiny
openings in them. To see these openings,
you will need the help of a microscope.
A microscope makes things look much
bigger than they really are.
The tiny openings are important to help the plant grow. Carbon dioxide, a gas
from the air, enters the leaf by the openings. Carbon dioxide is given off by people
and animals when they breathe.
When plants use carbon dioxide, they give off a gas called oxygen. People and
animals need oxygen to live. Some of the water in the plant is given off through the
leaves. Carbon dioxide goes into the leaves of the plant through tiny openings like
those in this picture.
Food storage parts
You have learned that all green plants make food.
You know that the plants use part of the food they make.
This food is used to grow new leaves and roots.
What happens to the rest of the food? God made
green plants in a special way. All extra food is stored
somewhere in the plant. Some plants such as lettuce
store their extra food in the leaves. Many plants such as
beets and carrots store food in their roots. The celery plant stores food in its stem.
Corn, beans, and peas store food in their seeds. Still other plants store food in their
fruits. Could you say, then, that you had roots, stems, and leaves for dinner?
stem
[stɛm] j
莖；（樹）幹
相關詞
Some wild vines ran up the stems of the corn.
一些野生的藤蔓纏繞著玉米莖往上長。
leaf [lif] n. 葉子；
branch [bræntʃ] n. 樹枝，分支；root [rut] n. 根
trunk
[trʌŋk] j
樹幹
相關詞
The trunk of this tree is thicker than
three meters.
這棵樹的樹幹有超過三公尺粗。
bole [bol] n. 樹幹；bud [bʌd] n. 芽
cabbage
[ˋkæbɪdʒ] j
高麗菜
相關詞
My brother likes to eat cabbage.
弟弟喜歡吃高麗菜。
Chinese cabbage n. 大白菜；
spinach [ˋspɪnɪtʃ] n. 菠菜；
celery [ˋsɛlərɪ] n. 芹菜；
leek [lik] n. 韭菜
picture
[ˋpɪktʃɚ] j
畫；畫像；
圖片；照片
相關詞
This picture vividly portrays the condition
of life in China at that time.
這幅圖片生動地呈現了那個時期中國的生活狀況
portrait [ˋportret] n. 肖像畫；
painting [ˋpentɪŋ] n. 繪畫；
portray [porˋtre] v. 描繪
Are They Insects?
牠們是昆蟲嗎？
Are They Insects?
Read each passage. After each passage you will answer a question about the
main idea of the passage. Remember, the main idea is the main point in a story.
I. Mayflies are insects. They begin life underwater. As they grow older, mayflies
leave the water and grow wings. When their wings are strong, they fly with
thousands of other mayflies near the water. You can often see them by ponds.
They look like a dark cloud hanging over the water.
1. The story mainly tells .
A. why mayflies have no wings
B. what looks like a cloud
C. about the life of mayflies
D. how mayflies grow on land
II. Some butterflies lay their eggs on just one kind of plant. By tasting the plant, they
know which one is right. Sometimes butterflies taste the wrong plant, so they fly
to another plant and taste again. When they find the right plant, they lay their eggs
there. Soon the eggs hatch. The hungry babies eat the plant their mother chose!
2. The story mainly tells .
A. when baby butterflies come out of eggs
B. how butterflies choose where to lay eggs
C. what flies from one plant to another
D. how butterflies always taste the right plant
III. Centipedes are not insects, but they look like insects. They are long animals with
short legs. Centipede means “hundred feet,” but centipedes have 350 legs!
Millipedes also have many legs. Millipede means “thousand feet,” but they have
about 700 legs!
3. The story mainly tells .
A. how many legs centipedes and millipedes have
B. what kind of animal a centipede is
C. that centipedes have one hundred legs
D that millipedes have one thousand legs
IV. A fly has six feet. Each foot has a plump little pad on the bottom. The pads flatten
out when the fly walks on a smooth surface. They give off a sticky liquid that
holds the fly to the wall or the ceiling. The liquid acts like glue so that the fly
doesn’t fall.
4. The story mainly tells .
A. how many legs a fly has
B. about the fly’s special feet
C. how flies make glue
D. about different types of flies
V. Many people don’t like bugs. Some bugs bite or sting people. Other bugs eat
people’s plants and fruits. People poison bugs to get rid of them. Now scientists
are finding new ways to kill bugs with germs. The germs make the bugs sick, and
then they die. Scientists also use bugs to fight the other bugs. The ladybug is an
example. It eats bugs that hurt fruit.
5. The story mainly tells .
A. poison is not the only way to get rid of bugs
B. people need to stay away from ladybugs
C. most bugs like to eat fruit trees
D. the germs make the bugs stronger
insect
['insekt] j
昆蟲
相關詞
Are mayflies insect or not?
蜉蝣是不是昆蟲？
insecticide [ɪnˋsɛktə͵saɪd] n. 殺蟲劑；
worm [wɝm] n. 蟲；pest [pɛst] n. 害蟲；
mayfly [ˋme͵flaɪ] n. 蜉蝣
pond
[pɑnd] j
池塘
相關詞
Children like to play at the pond.
孩子們喜歡在池塘邊玩。
pool [pul] n. 水塘；penstock [ˋpɛn͵stɑk] n. 水渠；
drain [dren] n. 水溝
hang
[hæŋ] l
把…掛起；懸掛展出
相關詞
My mother hung the clothes on the rope.
媽媽把衣服掛在繩子上。
hanging [ˋhæŋɪŋ] n. 絞死，絞刑；
suspend [səˋspɛnd] v. 使暫停，使停留；
swing [swɪŋ] v. 擺動
butterfly
[ˋbʌtɚ͵flaɪ] j
蝴蝶
相關詞
I saw a butterfly resting on the leaf.
我看見一隻蝴蝶在樹葉上休息。
bee [bi] n. 蜜蜂；moth [mɔθ] n. 飛蛾；
ladybug [ˋledɪ͵bʌg] n. 瓢蟲
hungry
[ˋhʌŋgrɪ] k
饑餓的；
顯出饑餓樣子的
相關詞
I felt very hungry today so I ate a lot.
我今天很餓，所以吃了很多。
hunger [ˋhʌŋgɚ] v. 挨餓；
starving [ˋstɑrvɪŋ] adj. 饑餓的；
thirsty [ˋθɝstɪ] adj. 口渴的
centipede
[ˋsɛntə͵pid] j
蜈蚣
相關詞
Centipedes can be used as medicinal material.
蜈蚣能當藥材用。
millipede [ˋmɪlə͵pid] n. 多足類；
mantis [ˋmæntɪs] n. 螳螂；
cockroach [ˋkɑk͵rotʃ] n. 蟑螂
plump
[plʌmp] k
豐滿的；胖嘟嘟的
相關詞
The baby has rosy plump cheeks.
這嬰兒的面頰紅紅胖嘟嘟的。
plumpness [ˋplʌmpnɪs] n. 豐滿；
chubby [ˋtʃʌbɪ] adj. 圓胖的；
pudgy [ˋpʌdʒɪ] adj. 矮胖的
flatten
[ˋflætn] l
使平坦；弄平
相關詞
My mother flattened the clothes with an iron.
媽媽用熨斗把衣服燙平。
flat [flæt] adj. 平坦的；
flatness [ˋflætnɪs] n. 平坦，單調；
widen [ˋwaɪdn] v. 使寬廣
surface
[ˋsɝfɪs] j
表面；表相
相關詞
The surface of the lake is quite still
because there was no wind.
由於沒有風，湖面很平靜。
exterior [ɪkˋstɪrɪɚ] n. 外部；
face [fes] n. 表面，面子；
outside [ˋaʊtˋsaɪd] n. 外部，外觀
Sounds You Hear
你聽到的聲音
Sounds You Hear
Wind can whistle and rustle the leaves.
Water can gurgle and splash.
A bird can sing, way up in the trees.
A cricket can chirp in the grass.
The wail of siren,
The clink of a spoon,
The jingle or ring of a bell,
Can you tell what’s happening outside of your room.
They are sounds you know so well.
whistle
[ˋhwɪsL] l
鳴汽笛；吹口哨
相關詞
When you hear the referee whistle,
just rush towards the ball.
你一聽到裁判吹哨，就往球的方向衝過去。
alarm [əˋlɑrm] v. 警告，使驚恐；
bugle [ˋbjugL] v. 吹號，吹喇叭；
horn [hɔrn] v. 鳴笛
rustle
[ˋrʌsL] l
使沙沙作響
相關詞
During the night, I heard the cold wind
rustling the leaves.
我聽見寒風在夜裡吹得樹葉沙沙作響。
whisper [ˋhwɪspɚ] v. 耳語、低語，颯颯地響；
swishy [swɪʃɪ] adj. 嗖地作響的；
whoosh [hwuʃ] n. 嗖的一聲，嘶嘶聲
gurgle
[ˋgɝgL] l
(水等) 汩汩地流
相關詞
The water gurgled out of the pipe.
水從管子裡汩汩地流了出來。
bubble [bʌbL] v. 冒泡，發出氣泡聲；
flow [flo] v. 流動；torrent [ˋtɔrənt] n. 激流
splash
[splæʃ] l
濺；潑
相關詞
I didn’t mean to splash the page with ink.
我不是故意把墨水濺到頁面上。
ripple [ˋrɪp!] n. 漣漪；surf [sɝf] n. 拍岸浪花；
spray [spre] n. 浪花，水花
cricket
[ˋkrɪkɪt] j
蟋蟀
相關詞
There is a cricket hopping in the grass.
草叢裡有一隻蟋蟀在跳。
grasshopper [ˋgræs͵hɑpɚ] n. 蚱蜢；
locust [ˋlokəst] n. 蝗蟲；
beetle[ˋbitL] n. 甲蟲
chirp
[tʃɝp] l
唧唧叫
相關詞
I heard birds chirping among the trees.
我聽到鳥兒在樹叢裡鳴叫。
twitter [ˋtwɪtɚ] v. 吱吱叫；啁啾；
bray [bre] v. 驢叫；mew [mju] v. 貓喵喵叫；
tweet [twit] v. 吱吱地叫；啁啾鳴叫
wail
[wel] j
慟哭聲；呼嘯聲
相關詞
I heard the wail from this room.
我聽到從這個房間裡發出了一陣哀號聲。
moan [mon] n. 呻吟聲，嗚咽聲；
scream [skrim] n. 尖叫聲；zing [zɪŋ] v. 尖嘯聲
siren
[ˋsaɪrən] j
汽笛；報警器
相關詞
The siren suddenly went off at midnight.
警笛突然在半夜響了起來。
burglar alarm [ˋbɝglɚ] [əˋlɑrm] n. 防盜警報器；
car alarm [kɑr] [əˋlɑrm] n. 汽車防盜器；
hooter [ˋhutɚ] n. 汽笛；警笛
clink
[klɪŋk]j
叮噹聲
相關詞
I got mad at the clink of keys.
鑰匙碰撞時的叮噹聲，讓我感到很煩。
click [klɪk] n. 滴答聲；tinkle [ˋtɪŋkL] n. 叮噹聲；
jingle [ˋdʒɪŋgL] n. 叮噹聲；ring [rɪŋ] v. 鳴，響
spoon
[spun] j
湯匙；勺子相關詞
Use a spoon to stir up the soup.
用湯匙攪拌湯。
bowl [bol] n. 碗；
dish [dɪʃ] n. 盤，碟；
pot [pɑt] n. 鍋
2024專利防護中