導讀 Preface to the second edtion Preface to thefirst edition PrefacetOthe secondprinting 1 LANGUAGE UNIVERSALS 　1.1　APPROACHES TO LANGUAGE UNIVERSALs 　　1.1.1 Ttoo major approaches 　 1.1.2 The data base 　 1.1.3 Dqrees ofabstracmtss 1.2　CLAUIFICATION OF LANGUAGg UNIVERSALS 　 1.2.1 Formal and substantive universals 　 1.2.2 Implicational and non-implicational universals 　 1.2.3 Absolute universals and tendencies 1.3　EXPLANATIONS FOR LANGUAGE UNIVERSALS 　 1.3.1 Commongenetic origin 　 1.3.2 External explanations 1.4　SUMMARY 　Notes and references 2　LANGUAGE TYPOLOGY 2.1 TYPOLOGY AND UNIVERSALS 2.2 TYlPIOLOGICAL PARAMETERS 2.3　MOP.PHOLOGICAL TYPOLOGY 2.4　SOME FURTHER TYPOLOGICAL PARAMETERS Notes and references 3　THEORETICAL PREREQUISITES 3.1　SEMANTIC ROLES 3.2 PRAGMATIC ROLES 3.3　GRAMMATICAL RELATIONS 3.4　MORPHOLOGICAL CASES 3.5　ILLUSTRATION：ENGLISH AND RUSSIAN 　CLAUSE STRUCTURE 　Notes and references 4　WORD ORDER 4.1　WORD ORDBR PARAMETERS 4.2　CORRELATIONS AMONG WORD ORDER PARAMETErs 　 4.2.1 Greenberg’s correlations 　 4.2.2 Generalizations of Greenberg's results 　 4.2.3 Critique ofthegeneralizations 4.3 THE VALUE OF WORD ORDER TYPOLOGY 　Notes and references 5　SUBJECT 5.1 THE PROBLEM 5.2　ON DEFINITIONS AND CATBGPRIES 5.3　ERGATIVITY 5.4　SEMANTIC AND PRAGMATIC FACTORS 　Notes and references 6　CASE MARKING 6.1 THE DISCRIMINATORY FUNCTION OF CASES 6.2 NATURAL INFORMATION FLOW IN THE 　TRANSITIVE CONSTRUCTION 　 6.2.1 lnverseforms 　6.2.2 Differential marking of A and P 6.3　SUMMARY 　Notes and references 7　RELATIVE CLAUSES 8 CAUSATIVE CONSTRUCTIONS 9 ANIMACY 10 TYPOLOGICAL AND HISTORICAL LINGUISTICS 11 CONCLUSIONS AND PROSPECTS

導讀 Preface to the second edtion Preface to thefirst edition PrefacetOthe secondprinting 1 LANGUAGE UNIVERSALS 　1.1　APPROACHES TO LANGUAGE UNIVERSALs 　　1.1.1 Ttoo major approaches 　 1.1.2 The data base 　 1.1.3 Dqrees ofabstracmtss 1.2　CLAUIFICATION OF LANGUAGg UNIVERSALS 　 1.2.1 Formal and substantive universals 　 1.2.2 Implicational and non-implicational universals 　 1.2.3 Absolute universals and tendencies 1.3　EXPLANATIONS FOR LANGUAGE UNIVERSALS 　 1.3.1 Commongenetic origin 　 1....