二、綜合測驗
第1至10題為題組
Johannes Kepler is a legend of science and astronomy. A man of many interests and talents, he revolutionized the way humans view the universe and their place within it. He was a man of 1. , and a product of a very contrasting time.
Kepler was born in what is now Germany in 1571. He was a sickly child, and suffered lifelong 2. to his vision as a result of smallpox. He displayed a fantastic talent for mathematics 3. a very young age. His mother, a lover of nature, showed him the night sky, which increased his interests in astronomy.
Kepler began working with another 4. astronomer of the time, Tycho Brahe. Though the two scientists 5. conflict at times, their relationship was a fruitful one. After Brahe’s death, Kepler gained 6. to his extensive data on planetary movement. With this data, Kepler was able to determine that the planets’ orbits aren’t exactly 7. , but elliptical, in a form of an oval. This was a revolutionary concept at the time.
Kepler made many other such scientific 8. . He discovered that 9. from the sun, the weaker the sun’s gravitational force was on that planet. He determined that the tides were caused by the gravity of the moon. He figured out the human eye actually
10. images upside down, and our brains correct them. Truly, Kepler is one of the greatest scientific thinkers in history.
1. (A) connections (B) contradictions (C) confusions (D) considerations
2. (A) impression (B) imprisonment (C) impairment (D) improvement
3. (A) on (B) at (C) in (D) with
4. (A) prominent (B) proficient (C) profound (D) present
5. (A) came into (B) came with (C) came on (D) came up
6. (A) achievement (B) accent (C) account (D) access
7. (A) triangular (B) square (C) circular (D) diamond
8. (A) breakings (B) breakups (C) breakdowns (D) breakthroughs
9. (A) the farther was a planet away (B) the farther away a planet was
(C) farther a planet was away from (D) farther away a planet was
10. (A) sees (B) see (C) saw (D) seeing
譯文
約翰尼斯‧克卜勒是科學和天文界的傳奇。他興趣盎然、多才多藝且徹底改變了人類看待宇宙及周遭的觀點。他是個矛盾的人，也是一個在非常矛盾的時代留下來的產物。
1571年克卜勒在現今的德國出生了。他是個體弱多病的小孩，終身受到天花所造成的視力殘缺所苦。他在年幼時就展現了在數學上的超群天賦。他那熱愛大自然的母親給他看夜空後，更增加了他對天文學的興趣。
克卜勒便開始和那時另一位著名的天文學家，第谷‧布拉赫，一同工作。儘管兩位科學家偶爾會發生衝突，他們的合作還是產出了很多成果。布拉赫死後，克卜勒得到了那些有關行星運動的龐大資料。這些資料使克卜勒得以確定行星的軌道並非精準的圓形，而是橢圓形。這在當時是個完全創新的概念。
克卜勒在科學上創造了許多諸如此類的突破。他發現一行星離太陽越遠，該行星所受到的太陽引力就會越小。他也確立了潮汐是受到月球引力的影響。他更發現人類的眼睛在看到影像時其實是上下顛倒的，而我們的腦矯正了這些影像。毫無疑問地，克卜勒是歷史上最傑出的科學思想家之一。
解說
1. (A) connections (B) contradictions (C) confusions (D) considerations
(A) 關聯 (B) 矛盾 (C) 困惑 (D) 考慮
2. (A) impression (B) imprisonment (C) impairment (D) improvement
(A) 印象 (B) 拘禁 (C) 殘缺 (D) 改進
3. (A) on (B) at (C) in (D) with
解說：特定年齡、速度、價格、代價等都使用介系詞at
(1) 數字
sb. + beV 數字 year(s) old （人）幾歲
at the age of數字
(2) sb. + beV. + in one’s 數字s （人）…十幾歲
4. (A) prominent (B) proficient (C) profound (D) present
(A) 顯著的 (B) 擅長的 (C) 深遠的 (D) 現在的
5. (A) came into (B) came with (C) came on (D) came up
come into conflict (with sb.) （與某人）發生衝突
解說：come into, bring sb/sth into, cause, create, lead to, provoke conflict (with…)
導致、陷入、引起（和…的）衝突
6. (A) achievement (B) accent (C) account (D) access
(A) 成就 (B) 口音 (C) 帳號 (D) 取用權
7. (A) triangular (B) square (C) circular (D) diamond
(A) 三角的 (B) 方形的 (C) 圓形的 (D) 菱形的
8. (A) breakings (B) breakups (C) breakdowns (D) breakthroughs
(A) 無此用法 (B) 分手 (C) 故障 (D) 突破
9. (A) the farther was a planet away (B) the farther away a planet was
(C) farther a planet was away from (D) farther away a planet was
解說：the + adj.-er + S1 + V1 , the + adj.-er + S2 + V2.
S1 越……，S2就越……。
10. (A) sees (B) see (C) saw (D) seeing
解說：此句為一事實，故用現在簡單式。
文法句型
1. the way表示「如何…，用…方式」
例: A man of many interests and talents, he revolutionized the way humans view the universe and their place within it.
（他興趣盎然、多才多藝且徹底改變了人類看待宇宙及周遭的觀點。）
(1) 後方可加上that、in which。
(2) the way也可以使用how代替 the way與how不會同時出現！
例：The public was shocked by the way this pet shop treated animals.
→ The public was shocked by the way (that / in which) this pet shop treated animals.
→ The public was shocked by how this pet shop treated animals.
（各界對於這間寵物店對待動物的方式感到震驚。）
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